Basics of Biophilic Design and Iranian Garden

Abstract

One of the critical themes in architecture that brings about comfort and calm for people is the interaction between man and the environment. Nature is now regarded as a cultural heritage in all nations due to the physical and mental necessity for man to interact with it. Historically, gardening has been one of the humans' methods to carry out this significant heritage. The biophilic hypothesis aims to reunite man and nature and return this lost contact. This research compares the perspectives of the Iranian and biophilic gardens to nature and humans to better understand these two crucial concerns. The Iranian garden is one of the oldest gardening models in the world and has been in use for many years. The study's descriptive-analytical research approach was used using documents and library resources. For this reason, it first discusses the biophilic design and its components. It explains the theoretical underpinnings of the Iranian garden, after which it compares and analyzes the information data in the findings section. The study's findings indicate that the biophilic theory and the Iranian garden share similar principles for appreciating and relating to nature and humanity. However, regarding the results, these two follow different paths. Biophilic focuses on issues related to physical and mental health. In contrast, the Iranian garden also considers the user's attention to the world of meaning and the promised paradise in addition to his physical and psychological needs.