Bandwidth Enhancement of Micro Strip Square Patch Antenna with Partial Ground Plane for Wide Band Applications

Abstract

This paper has focused on resolving two issues, which are to construct an antenna with wide bandwidth and an antenna that can be used for distinct wireless technologies that can operate at different frequencies. Bandwidth is the most important factor in designing micro strip patch antennas. Patch antennas are inherently narrow-band, but in today's wireless communication technology, high data rates are quite common. In order to handle these high data rates, wide bandwidth is required. In this paper, a partial ground plane technique is used to enhance the bandwidth of the antenna. A square patch antenna for wide band applications operating at a frequency band of 2 to 8 GHz has been designed using CST Microwave Studio and fabricated. Measured and simulated results are compared, and they are in good agreement. The proposed antenna covers various wireless standards such as Bluetooth (2.4 GHz), WLAN (2.4, 5.1-5.8 GHz), WiMAX (2.3-5.7 GHz), and X-band satellite applications (7.1-7.76 GHz). The proposed antenna is modeled with gl = 27.9 mm and Pl = Pw = 17 mm, exhibiting a wide bandwidth of 5.5 GHz and a fractional bandwidth of 111%. The return loss is below 10 dB for the entire frequency range.