BAHASA MELAYU DAN MINANGKABAU DALAM KHAZANAH NASKAH MINANGKABAU

Abstract

Minangkabau language is an oral language that began to form a written variety after the incoming of Islam, using the Jawi (Perso-Arabic) scripts. This scripts is widely known in Minangkabau in the eighteenth century. As a result, many Minangkabau oral literary works are written down. Since it was written in Jawi, the distinction between the Minangkabau and the Malay manuscripts is very vague. Often manuscripts classified as Minangkabau manuscripts can be read either in Minangkabau or in Malay. The tendency of Minangkabau people to write in Malay is very active because Minangkabau people thought Minangkabau language is not much different from the Malay language. So, if the Minangkabau people use the Minangkabau words in Malay language, they thought that they have used the Malay words without having tried to find a words which more corresponding in Malay. Uniquely, for Minangkabau readers, even written in Jawi (Malay language), but will be read in Minangkabau language. For examples, ‘bermula’ will be read as ‘baramulo’, 'bandar' as /banda/, /bersama/ as /basamo/, 'hidup' as /hiduik/ and so on. Interestingly, in the same manuscript, if it is read by Minangkabau people in different dialects, it will be read in that dialects (in different sounds). For example, the words 'pakan Sabtu' will be read /pokan Sotu/ by the Minangkabau in Payakumbuh dialect and it will be read /pakan Sabtu/ by the Padang dialects. Departing from the linguistic phenomenon, this paper will discuss the dynamic of social aspec languages ​​using Malay and Minangkabau language in Minangkabau manuscripts.