Abstract
Traditional quality inspection of prefabricated components is labor intensive, time-consuming, and error prone. This study developed an automated geometric quality inspection technique for prefabricated housing units using building information modeling (BIM) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR). The proposed technique collects the 3D laser scanned data of the prefabricated unit using a LiDAR which contains accurate as-built surface geometries of the prefabricated unit. On the other hand, the BIM model of the prefabricated unit contains the as-designed geometries of the unit. The scanned data and BIM model are then automatically processed to inspect the geometric quality of individual elements of the prefabricated units including both structural and mechanical elements, as well as electrical and plumbing (MEP) elements. To validate the proposed technique, experiments were conducted on two prefabricated bathroom units (PBUs). The inspection results showed that the proposed technique can provide accurate quality inspection results with 0.7 mm and 0.9 mm accuracy for structural and MEP elements, respectively. In addition, the experiments also showed that the proposed technique greatly improves the inspection efficiency regarding time and labor.
Highlights
Prefabricated construction [1,2], which denotes the approach of manufacturing construction components in an off-site factory, transporting manufactured components or semi-components to the construction site, and installing all components sequentially to formulate buildings [3,4], is becoming increasingly popular in the building and construction industry over the past decades
This study aimed to develop an automated geometric quality inspection technique for specific types of prefabricated components, namely, prefabricated housing units, using building information modeling (BIM) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR)
The developed technique is able to inspect the geometric quality of prefabricated housing units that contain multiple elements and to inspect the geometric quality of both structural and mechanical and electrical and plumbing (MEP) elements
Summary
Prefabricated construction [1,2], which denotes the approach of manufacturing construction components in an off-site factory, transporting manufactured components or semi-components to the construction site, and installing all components sequentially to formulate buildings [3,4], is becoming increasingly popular in the building and construction industry over the past decades. IInn oorrddeerr ttoo gguuaarraanntteeee tthhee ggeeoommeettrriicc qquuaalliittyy ooff pprreeffaabbrriiccaatteedd ccoommppoonneennttss,, ttrraaddiittiioonnaall iinnssppeeccttiioonnss aarree uussuuaallllyy ccoonndduucctteedd mmaannuuaallllyy aass sshhoowwnn iinn FFiigguurree 11. The. This study aimed to develop an automated geometric quality inspection technique for specific types of prefabricated components, namely, prefabricated housing units, using BIM and LiDAR. The checklist for the geometric quality inspection of prefabricated housing units is identified and explained, which defines the inspection scope of this study.
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