Asymmetrically Clipped Optical Hadamard Coded Modulation (ACO-HCM)

Abstract

In many optical wireless communications systems, power efficiency is paramount. In others, flexibility is important. To achieve these goals, this paper presents a novel transmission scheme dubbed <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">asymmetrically clipped optical Hadamard coded modulation (ACO-HCM)</i> . ACO-HCM combines the characteristics of real-valued non-negative orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and Hadamard coded modulation (HCM). Unlike OFDM, which is based on the Fourier transform and therefore delivers a continuous waveform, ACO-HCM provides a discrete set of amplitudes. This feature is desirable for nonlinear channels. Error probabilities are analytically calculated for a linear receiver similar to the decorrelation receiver in direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA). Maximum-likelihood sequence estimation is also investigated and shown to outperform the linear receiver, particularly in the presence of a time-dispersive channel. The peak-to-average power ratio of ACO-HCM is derived for the electrical as well as the optical domain in closed form.