Association between THRSP Gene Polymorphism and Fatty Acid Composition in Milk of Dairy Cows.

Daniel Polasik,Witold Proskura,Arkadiusz Terman,Andrzej Dybus,Jacek Golińczak

doi:10.3390/ani11041144

Abstract

Simple SummaryThe purpose of this study was to detect polymorphism in thyroid hormone-inducible hepatic protein gene (THRSP) and analyze its influence on the fatty acid composition of milk in Jersey and Holstein-Friesian cattle. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected and determined in 224 cows. It was demonstrated that the analyzed variant had a significant influence on several fatty acids content in milk. Obtained results could be applied in breeding programs for improving the quality of milk.Thyroid hormone-inducible hepatic protein is involved in the de novo synthesis of fatty acids in the lactating mammary gland. Different variants of the gene that encodes this protein may be associated with its different activity. The primary aim of this study was to find polymorphism in the THRSP gene and estimate the relationship between individual genotypes and fatty acid composition in milk. Investigations were carried out on 224 cows represented by two breeds—Jersey (n = 80) and Polish Holstein-Friesian (n = 144). Polymorphism in THRSP was detected by Sanger sequencing; however, genotypes were determined by the PCR-RFLP method. It was shown that the analyzed variant had a significant (p < 0.05) influence on palmitic and stearic fatty acids as well as on fatty acids with a chain length of 14, 16, and 6–16 in Jersey breed and on caproic, palmitic, myristoleic, and palmitoleic fatty acids in H-F. Obtained results indicated that analyzed SNP in bovine THRSP gene (rs42714482) may be considered as a potential marker for fatty acid composition in milk

Highlights

Milk fat is a source of fatty acids in the human diet, which can be beneficial for health or can be associated with the risk of some diseases [1]
It was shown that overexpression of THRSP in bovine mammary epithelial cells increased triacylglycerol levels and enhanced the expression of following lipogenic genes: fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein
We found an association between THRSP genotypes and palmitic fatty acid in milk of Jersey and Polish H-F cows and myristoleic fatty acid in HF cows

Summary

Introduction

Milk fat is a source of fatty acids in the human diet, which can be beneficial for health or can be associated with the risk of some diseases [1]. The fatty acid profile can be modified by many factors; among them, environmental and genetic seems to be most important. We need to know which genes and their variants are correlated with fatty acid composition in milk. Thyroid hormone-inducible hepatic protein gene (THRSP) encodes Spot (S14) protein, which is associated with regulation of the de novo fatty acid synthesis in the liver, adipose tissue, and lactating mammary gland [2]. It was shown that overexpression of THRSP in bovine mammary epithelial cells increased triacylglycerol levels and enhanced the expression of following lipogenic genes: fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein

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