Association Between Gene Polymorphisms of Inflammatory Cytokines and Vitamin D Receptor Gene with the Risk of Insulin Resistance and Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Abstract

The most common form of diabetes is Type 2 diabetes (T2D), and metabolic disease is the most prevalent. Inflammatory cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of T2D and the presence of complications. The common problem is vitamin D deficiency, linked to an increased risk of obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency contributes to metabolic disorders; vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms play a role in these conditions. However, there are only a few data studies the relationships between them of small sample size and some selected polymorphisms of VDR. This opinion article investigates the association between genetic variants of inflammatory cytokines and VDR gene with the risk of insulin resistance (IR) and dyslipidemia in patients with T2D. The current project will identify the most significant risk factors for complications in T2D and clarify the causal relationship between vitamin D status and inflammatory markers with the increased risk of metabolic alterations in patients with T2D. Knowledge of these genetic variants might contribute to a better understanding of the role of inflammation and vitamin D deficiency in the etiology and progression of this disease and may lead to new strategies for prevention.