Assessment of Some Trace Elements in Surface Water and Soil near Al-Ahdab Oil Field, Wasit Governorate, Iraq

Abstract

The main objective of this munscript is to spot light on the negative consequences of oil emissions from Al-Ahdab oil field on the water and soil surrounding the oil field at Wasit Governorate. To obtain this objective, seven sediment samples were collected from the surfacre soil, in addition to five water samples from the Tigris River near Al-Ahdab oil field within Al-Kut Wasit governorate. The more effective eight trace elements were chosen to detect the limitations of their occurrence in the soil and water of the study area, these are Fe, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Zr. The Zr is used as a background for the specific equations applied. Samples of sediments and water were collected in October 2022. The standardization of the Enrichment Factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (I-geo), and contamination factor (CF) in addition to the pollution load index (PLI) were applied to detect the extent of soil pollution. In contrast, the hydrochemistry of water samples was determined by comparing the results of the analysis with the standards of WHO, 2018, and IQS, 2009. The enrichment factor value (EF) Cadmium value (Cd) in soil samples is 6.6, which reflects a significant impact of air emissions, the cobalt (Co) value is 1.77m this value reflects minimum Enrichment factor while the EF has a rather moderate enrichment factor. By applying the I-geo equation, the oitput results indicate unpolluted soil for Co, and Ni metals, while it is moderately polluted for Cu, Cr, Zn, and Pb metals. According to the PLI index, the soil of the study area is ordered as moderately contaminated for these metals. As for the hydrochemistry of surface water of the Tigris River near the study area, the water samples are classified as not contaminated by (Ni, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, and Cu).