Assessment of Serum Electrolytes in Sudanese Hypertensive Patients in Khartoum State-Sudan

Abstract

Background: Hypertension increases the risk of heart failure and kidney failure [1]. Worldwide, hypertension is estimated to cause (7.5) million deaths, about (12.8%) of the total of all deaths. In Africa, however, more than (40%) (And up to 50%) of adults in many countries are estimated to have hypertension [2]. The aim of this study was to assess the association between hypertension and serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium) in hypertensive Sudanese males and females in Khartoum State. Material and Methods: Study Approach is A quantitative approach was used to measure Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ in hypertensive Sudanese patients in period from March to Augustus 2018. The study was designed as prospective, hospitals/laboratory based study, this study was performed in different hospitals at Khartoum State. This study was include 30 blood samples collected from patients with hypertension, the restriction of the sample size to (30) subjects is due to lack of financial support. Data was collected using questionnaire. Two and half ml from venous blood sample was collected in heparin container, by using sterile disposable plastic syringes and aseptic condition, vein puncture technique was applied. The sample was centrifuged at (3500 rpm) for (5 minute), and reading. A quantitative method can be used to measuring Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration by used semi automation method by used spectrophotometer instrument, and the level of Na+ and K+ is determined by methodology is based on the selective electrode measurement (SLE) principle to precisely determine measurement values. Results: This study presented that there were non-significant correlations between levels of (sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium) of hypertensive patients compared to normal range. The illustrated that there were non-significant correlations between age, duration, social status, gander, job, education status of hypertensive tested group. The study revealed that there was a finding referring to significant correlation between level of (magnesium) and economic status of test group, but non-significant in (sodium, potassium, magnesium). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study was demonstrated the non-significant correlation between serum electrolyte and hypertension tested group compared with normal range. Also the study was not finding any correlation or effect of age, gender, duration of disease and education status of hypertensive patients on serum electrolytes levels, but depended on the finding of results study was presented prevailed significant correlation with economic status of tested group and level of magnesium serum. From this study concluded there was non physiological alteration in electrolytes balance in patients of hypertension.