Magnitude of Stroke Subtypes and Associated Risk Factors Among Patients Admitted to Hawassa University Compressive Specialized Hospital

Abstract

Stroke is becoming increasingly common problem in LMIC including Ethiopia exerting great impact on morbidity, mortality and economic burden. It is second leading global cause of death just behind heart disease. Various clinical conditions have been investigated as risks factors of stroke. <i>Objective</i>: To determine the magnitude of stroke subtypes and the associated risk factors among stroke patients in the in-patient department of internal medicine at HUSCH. <i>Methodology:</i> A retrospective review of all patients admitted to medical ward with the diagnosis of stroke at Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital from September 2017 to august 2018 was conducted. Socio-demographic information, risk factors, and treatment outcomes of patients were obtained by using a structured check list. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23.0 software. <i>Results:</i> Out of the 224-stroke patients who were admitted to medical ward of HUCSH, majority (57.6%) were men. The median age was 55 (IQR: 44.4-66.2). Hemorrhagic stroke and Ischemic stroke accounted for 132 (58.9%) and 86 (38.4%) of patients respectively. Among patients with Hemorrhagic stroke, 117 (88.6%) patients had ICH and 15 (11.3%) patients had SAH. Hypertension followed by cardiac disease were the commonest risk factors occurring in 52.2% and 8.8% of stroke patients respectively. The inpatient mortality of stroke was 16.5%. <i>Conclusion:</i> In this study, hemorrhagic stroke was the most common type of stroke. Hypertension and cardiac disease were the commonest risk factor identified. Aspiration pneumonia and raised ICP were the main factors associated with poor outcome.