Assessment of lead heavy metal pollution in Ciliwung River

Abstract

Heavy metal contributed in bio-magnification process. So, its presence needs to be monitored and evaluated to prevent and control its hazards to human health and sustainability river ecosystem. One of that heavy metal is lead. This study aims to assessment the lead metal pollution in Ciliwung River because one of its uses is as water resources for Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM). This study used a survey and analytical method. There were 12 samples of water column and 10 samples of sediments that distributed from upstream to the beginning of downstream. The parameters determined in site used water checker included temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), and Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP). While the lead contained in sample used Automatic Absorption Spectrophotometric (AAS). The result showed that lead content in all samples exceeded the quality standards and the lead on sediment were more than in water column. Lead in the Ciliwung River is mostly due to anthropogenic sources because it occurred naturally in small amounts. Downstream, the EC, TDS, and ORP values increase, while the pH and DO value decreases. The ORP values at all sampling points were positive. It means that deoxygenation occurred along the Ciliwung River. The implication is needed the additional raw water processing that accompanied further economic analysis to make sure the water availability for the community sustained.