Abstract
The US Department of Energy has emphasized the development of several advanced energy storage technologies. These have major applications in the areas of transportation, building heating and cooling, industrial processes and electric power generation. It is expected that the storage technologies will have certain environmental impacts for which control technology will be required. An update is presented to a previous study within which environmental impacts were identified, control techniques were described and recommendations for needed control technology were made. The storage technologies investigated at that time included: lead-acid battery, hydroelectric pumped, superconducting magnet, compressed air, flywheel and thermal. Additional work relative to these technologies are updated and a new section on the environmental impacts of fuel cell technology is presented. Although not strictly energy storage devices, many of the benefits attributed to fuel cells are similar to those of the other storage systems. In addition, sections on new applications for energy storage technologies and the additional costs of controls to be used for mitigation of certain adverse impacts are also presented. Detailed discussion of the various environmental impacts as they relate to primarily operational situations are emphasized. A brief discussion is presented relating to the possible implications of the Resourcemore » Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) upon the disposal of any solid waste materials that have been generated.« less
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