Abstract
Background: Contraceptive use is pivotal for managing birth rates, particularly in regions with high fertility such as Pakistan. This study highlights the role of family planning in controlling population growth by assessing the determinants affecting contraceptive usage in Punjab, a province characterized by diverse demographic and socio-economic conditions. Objective: The research aims to evaluate the impact of education, age, residential area, residential status, and media access on contraceptive use among ever-married women in Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: Data from the 'Annual Contraceptive Performance Report 2019-20' by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics were analyzed. A total of 78,563 ever-married women were sampled using random stratified techniques. Multiple statistical tests, including logistic regression, chi-square, and independent sample t-tests, were applied to identify key factors influencing contraceptive usage. Results: Educational level, residential area, status, wealth index quintiles, and media access were significantly associated with contraceptive use across Punjab. Statistical analysis showed that women's age and the number of children significantly affected contraceptive use. Key predictors identified include media access, reproductive history, and residential characteristics, with media access and residential area being particularly impactful. Conclusion: This study confirms that socioeconomic and demographic factors significantly influence contraceptive usage in Punjab. Enhanced focus on education and targeted media campaigns could improve family planning outcomes. Effective interventions should consider local cultural and social contexts to increase contraceptive uptake.
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