Abstract
Protein secretion is almost universally employed by bacteria. Some proteins are retained on the cell surface, whereas others are released into the extracellular milieu, often playing a key role in virulence. In this review, we discuss the diverse types and potential functions of post-translational modifications (PTMs) occurring to extracellular bacterial proteins.
Highlights
Until relatively recently, the nature and effects of post-translational modifications (PTMs) were principally thought to be restricted to eukaryotic systems
The ever-expanding catalogue of bacterial PTMs ranges from methylation and phosphorylation of residues to the addition of complex moieties including lipids and glycans (Figure 1).[1]
There are few examples of bacterial glycoproteins which are fully secreted into the extracellular milieu; most such modified proteins remain attached to the cell.[100,101,102]
Summary
The nature and effects of post-translational modifications (PTMs) were principally thought to be restricted to eukaryotic systems. Post-translational modification, protein secretion, bacterial pathogens, bacterial virulence factors, proteomics, methylation, acetylation, glycosylation, lipidation
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