Abstract
Many advances have been made in the treatment of depression with the recent discovery of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and mixed serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
Highlights
Several hypotheses have been put forward, the aetiology of depression is still poorly defined
High hopes lie in the research that is aimed at supporting the hypothesis that molecules that increase the release of norepinephrine and / or serotonin may make subjects less sensitive to life events and reduce the risk of depressive relapse
The use of antidepressants largely exceeds the treatment of depression and this raises the problem of knowing what is an antidepressant compared to conventional anxiolytics such as benzodiazepines, or even buspirone
Summary
Several hypotheses have been put forward, the aetiology of depression is still poorly defined. Some molecules that deplete these neurotransmitters, such as reserpine, can induce a depressive state in a small percentage of individuals. This simplistic theory cannot explain the pathophysiology of depression by itself since the efficacy of antidepressants is observed clinically after a few weeks of treatment. A second hypothesis based on neurotransmitter receptors has been issued. According to this hypothesis, the depression is due to an abnormal functioning of the monoamine receptors. The depression is due to an abnormal functioning of the monoamine receptors This receptor disruption could itself be caused by depletion of monoaminergic neurotransmitters. Antidepressants are widely used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, whether generalized anxiety, panic disorder, social anxiety and post-traumatic stress, which makes it possible to wonder about the different nature of their mechanism of action
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