Abstract
A reduction of the Dirac equation is presented, where the usual Pauli approximation is avoided. This is a generalisation of the approach of Cowan and Griffin (1976) in order to include interaction with an external field. New operators concerning the hyperfine interaction and the Zeeman effect are deduced and compared with the Dirac operators. The influence of the spin-orbit interaction is investigated for different shells. The results concerning hyperfine structure in s shells compare favourably with Dirac results.
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