Approach to Evaluation and Comprehensive Care for Primary Ovarian Insufficiency

Abstract

Idiopathic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a reproductive endocrine disorder defined as the loss of ovarian function before age 40. The condition is characterized by infertility, estrogen deficiency, and premature menopause. POI has significant long-term physical and psychosocial sequelae. Because POI is underrecognized and challenging to diagnose, patients often experience a “diagnostic odyssey” that contributes to impaired health-related quality of life. This review provides a state-of-the-science overview of POI, approach to diagnosis and management, and interprofessional aspects of care. We highlight unanswered questions and future directions and underscore the nurse practitioner’s role in providing holistic care for women with POI.