Applications to Lightning Surge Protection Studies

Abstract

This chapter reviews representative applications of the finite-difference time domain method (FDTD) method to lightning electromagnetic pulse and surge simulations. The applications reviewed include lightning electromagnetic fields at close and far distances, lightning surges on overhead power transmission line (TL) conductors and towers, lightning surges on overhead distribution and telecommunication lines, the lightning electromagnetic environment in power substations, and lightning surges in wind-turbine-generator towers. It also includes lightning surges in photovoltaic arrays, the lightning electromagnetic environment in electric vehicles, the lightning electromagnetic environment in airborne vehicles, lightning surges and electromagnetic environment in buildings, and surges on grounding electrodes. When an overhead ground wire of a TL is struck by lightning, corona discharge will occur on this wire. Corona discharge around the ground wire reduces its characteristic impedance and increases the coupling between the ground wire and phase conductors.