Application of optical coherence tomography for retinoschisis in high myopia

Abstract

Objective To investigate the relationship between age,axial length,visual acuity and retinoschisis in myopes as well as its pathogenesis and imagingeology features.Methods This was a retrospective case-series study.Nine hundred ninety-two eyes of 611 high myopia patients were examined by optical coherence tomography (OCT), B-scan ultrasonography, IOL Master, subjective refraction, slit lamp examination and fundus examination after mydriasis.Retinoschisis was found in 97 eyes of 79 patients by OCT.Two groups were established based on the location according to retinoschisis location: a macular retinoschesis group with 43 cases (51 eyes) and a peripheral retinoschesis group with 36 cases (46 eyes); age,axial length and best corrected spectacle visual acuity, posterior staphyloma, vitreous detachment, the macular epiretinal membrane and vitreous traction were compared between the two groups.Data were analyzed using an independent samples t test and a chi-square test.Results Retinoschisis occurred as follows: 73％ of the the cases with retinoschisis were 30 years of age or older; 96％ of the cases had an axial length of at least 28 mm;66％ of the the cases had visual acuity equal to or better than 4.5.Retinoschisis was mainly localized in the outer layer of the neurosensory retina and 5 eyes in the macular retinoschesis group were localized in the outer and inner layers of the neurosensory retina.There was a statistical difference in ages between the two groups (t=-2.28,P=0.025) and there was a statistical difference in the percentage of macular membrane and vitreous traction that occurred (x2=9.387,P=0.002;x2=6.590,P=0.01).Conclusion Retinoschisis in high myopia is associated with long axial length.Age,macular epiretinal membrane and vitreous traction is associated with the type of retinoschisis. Key words: Tomography,optical coherence ; Retinoschisis ; Myopia,degenerative