Application of Non-Selective Herbicides in the Pre-Harvest of Wheat Damages Seed Quality

Glauber Monçon Fipke,Luiz Fernando Teleken Grando,Anderson Da Costa Rossato,José Eduardo Minussi Winck,Thomas Newton Martin,Vandro Ademir Deak,Jessica Deolinda Leivas Stecca,Ubirajara Russi Nunes

doi:10.4236/ajps.2018.91010

Glauber Monçon Fipke, Luiz Fernando Teleken Grando + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2018.91010

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Abstract

Pre-harvest desiccation in order to minimize the time of exposure to abiotic factors after physiological maturity is a practice used in the production of quality seeds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the physical, physiological and sanitary quality of wheat seeds from plants that received non-selective herbicide application at pre-harvest. For this, the treatments were applied on pre-harvest culture. A completely randomized design was applied. We use the herbicides (glufosinate-ammonium, glyphosate and paraquat), phenological stages of herbicide application (Z-83, Z-85, Z-87, Z-92) and additional treatment (without application). The routine tests that express the physical, physiological and sanitary integrity of seeds were evaluated. For herbicide treatments, there was an 8% and 26% reduction in germination under laboratory conditions for BRS Parrudo and Sinuelo, respectively. Soil emergence was 14% higher for the control treatment, not statistically different for the Z-87 and Z-92 stages and also for the herbicides glufosinate-ammonium and glyphosate for both cultivars. The application of non-selective herbicides on wheat pre-harvest impairs the physical and physiological quality and promotes faster deterioration. Vigor is reduced under stress conditions by cold test and accelerated aging. There is no influence on seed sanity.

Highlights

The use of wheat seeds [Triticum aestivum (L).] of high quality can provide a fast establishment of plants, ensuring the number of plants per area which is the first component of the yield to be set
Vigor is reduced under stress conditions by cold test and accelerated aging
There is no influence on seed sanity

Summary

Introduction

The use of wheat seeds [Triticum aestivum (L).] of high quality can provide a fast establishment of plants, ensuring the number of plants per area which is the first component of the yield to be set. Temperature and relative humidity, as well as, high levels of rainfall are commonplace in late spring in southern Brazil. Harvesting with seed moisture between 30% 35% maintains the compounds of production, the germination of seeds is impaired [3]. Another alternative is to promote drying of the plant by applying non-selective herbicides in order to anticipate the harvest [4]

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