Abstract
The present work aims to evaluate the possibility of anticipating the wheat harvest by the application of non-selective herbicides in the pre-harvest conditions, thereby providing productive and economic viability. In total, 13 treatments were executed, which includes the spraying of different herbicide combinations (glufosinate-ammonium, glyphosate, and paraquat) in the phenological stages (Z-83, Z-85, Z-87, Z-92), and treatments without application of herbicides. Further, the treatment step was followed by providing different harvest conditions such as (i) glufosinate-ammonium: 9.5 and 8.8 days, (ii) glyphosate: 11.2 and 10.9 days, and (iii) paraquat: 7.9 and 8.5, where the first numerical value corresponds to number of days for the year 2016 followed by 2017. A mean reduction in seed yield of 4.6 % (BRS Parrudo) and 25.4 % (TBIO Sinuelo) was observed upon application of herbicides in the first two phenological stages. Additionally, an economic loss reaching up to R$ 2512 ha-1, was demonstrated. Therefore, the application of the non-selective herbicides glufosinate-ammonium and paraquat in the pre-harvest results in wheat phytointoxication, however, promoting harvest anticipation in 4.8 and 5.3 days, respectively.
Highlights
For achieving sustainable agriculture, utilization of the cropping seasons with winter-summer crops in the finest way is highly essential
The present work aims to evaluate the possibility of anticipating the wheat harvest by the application of non-selective herbicides in the pre-harvest conditions, thereby providing productive and economic viability
13 treatments were executed, which includes the spraying of different herbicide combinations in the phenological stages (Z-83, Z-85, Z-87, Z-92), and treatments without application of herbicides
Summary
Utilization of the cropping seasons with winter-summer crops in the finest way is highly essential. With the aim of making the system practically feasible, non-selective herbicides as desiccants have been used in few studies which facilitate in anticipating the crop harvesting time (Yenish & Young, 2000) Since this practice does not reduce the yield of wheat grains, it can be exploited as an alternative for seed production (Belléet al., 2014). Some authors report that non-selective herbicide applications such as non-preharvest glyphosate do not affect the primary and secondary structure of wheat gluten proteins, the molecular weight of mainly SDS extractable and unextractable proteins can be affected, especially when applied at the soft dough stage (Malalgoda et al, 2020a) Bearing in mind above observations, the present investigation aims to evaluate the possibility of anticipating wheat harvest by the application of non-selective herbicides in the pre-harvest, providing productive and economic viability
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