Physiological quality of bean seeds after application of desiccant herbicides

Cecília Brustolini Rosado,Francisco Cláudio Lopes Freitas,Nayara Pereira Capobiango,Renata Pereira Lopes Moreira,Matheus Ferreira França Teixeira,Antonio Alberto Da Silva,Gustavo Antônio Mendes Pereira

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20180228

Cecília Brustolini Rosado, Francisco Cláudio Lopes Freitas + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180228

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Journal: Ciência Rural	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2019
Citations: 1	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Viçosa

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The application of desiccant herbicides in the bean crop is fundamental in the production of quality seeds, since it anticipates the harvesting season, which makes it possible to obtain seeds in the period of physiological maturation, when they are reported with maximum accumulation of dry matter, high vigor levels and germination percentage. However, there is little information about the ideal application time of these products to obtain beans of high physiological quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of bean seeds after application of desiccant herbicides at different times in preharvest. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 2x3+1 factorial scheme, with four replications. Desiccant herbicides paraquat (400g ha-1) and paraquat + diuron (200 + 400g ha-1) were applied in three phenological stages (R8, R8/R9 and R9), plus one control (without herbicide application). Yield (Kg ha-1), mass of one thousand seeds (g), germination (%) and seed vigor were evaluated through tests of accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and primary root length. Application of paraquat molecule at the R8 stage and the paraquat + diuron mixture at the R8/R9 stage reduced the viability and vigor of the bean seeds, and compromised yield. Applications of the paraquat herbicide at the R8/R9 and R9 stages or of the mixture (paraquat + diuron) at the R9 stage preserved the physiological quality of the seeds without;however, affecting yield.

Highlights

Obtention of quality seeds is one of the most important steps for the productive success of the bean crop
Due to the scarcity of information on the ideal moment of application of the products paraquat and the mixture paraquat + diuron in the bean crop to obtain quality seeds, the objective of this study were to evaluate the physiological quality of bean seeds after application of desiccant herbicides at different times in preharvest
Seed germination was influenced only by the application times of the desiccants (Table 1), being reduced when the herbicides were applied at the R8 stage, compared to the bean R9 stage

Summary

Introduction

Obtention of quality seeds is one of the most important steps for the productive success of the bean crop. Harvest should be ideally performed shortly after physiological maturity, when the seeds are with the maximum accumulation of dry matter, high vigor levels and high germination percentage (GUIMARÃES et al, 2012). At this stage, seed moisture content is high and the morphological structures that still vegetate are conditions that hamper mechanized harvest operations and cause seed damage (PESKE et al, 2012; COELHO et al, 2012). The application of desiccant at preharvest corresponds to an alternative to reduce the exposure period of physiologically mature seeds to unfavorable environmental conditions, since it allows the anticipation of harvest (LAMEGO et al, 2013). This application, when properly carried out, leads to uniformity in maturation and determination of harvest time, without compromising yield, besides preserving the physical, physiological and sanitary quality of the seeds, even during storage

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