Application of GIS Technology in Detection of Crime Hot Spots and Vulnerable Areas of Jalandhar Commissionerate

Abstract

The huge number of crimes in knowable areas was noted in many records in Jalandhar Police Commissionerate. These crime hot spots are first in rating examples of the possible unused quality value of place in the observations of crime. Crimes are increasing in day to day life in the major cities as compare to the satellite towns and regional areas. It can also relate that the cities areas with working class population are relatively higher crimes than where the people from HIG (high income group) and LIG (lower income groups) live together with high economic disparities. Mainly this thing is related to the different types of people or nature of people in specific areas, class of people, type of city or area in the city, distance of basic services from the specific location, distribution of spaces etc. Mainly there is a strong relation in between the different types of crimes and locations (Specific locations), type of development (around the particular location) also plays a vital role in increasing the chances of major crime happenings at particular location. One major important thing is that there is a relation of crime hot spot areas with their surrounding physical built up and existing environment, which make easy for the offenders or criminals to do crimes and escape easily from the locations after committed the criminal activities. There are some crime studies that look at the spatial distribution of crime with its relationship between physical built up and surrounding environment, which clearly focus on certain land uses and hot spots that are directly connected with the occurrence of different types of crimes. This study in Police Commissionerate Jalandhar is based on three major questions, how to identify and mark the crime hot spots, what are the tool and technique required to assess the status of crime in the city, the type of physical built up has any significance on crime occurrences and future status of crimes in the city. It highlights the vulnerable areas (crime hot spots) in Jalandhar Commissionerate having high number of crimes and its causes for their occurrence and its final outcomes/recommendations through which it can be prevent from repetitions in coming future. The study focuses on the identification of crime hot spots with relation to the snatching points and vulnerable areas under different police stations of Jalandhar Police Commissionerate.KeywordsGIS TechnologyCrime hot spot analysis and spatial data analysisBuffer analysisCrime mapping