Abstract
Antrochoanal polyp (ACP) is a benign lesion that originates from the mucosal lining of the maxillary sinus, growing through the accessory ostium into the middle meatus, and protruding posteriorly to the choana and nasopharynx. The etiopathogenesis of ACP is not clear. These are found more commonly in children and young adults. ACPs are almost always unilateral. The incidence of ACP is higher among children than in the adult population. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy and computed tomography scans are important investigations for the diagnosis of ACPs. During diagnostic nasal endoscopy, ACPs are typically seen as smooth, bluish, or yellowish mass extending posteriorly exiting from the ostium of the maxillary sinus. Simple polypectomy, Caldwell-Luc procedure, and functional endoscopic sinus surgery may be employed for the surgical removal of the ACPs. Simple avulsions of the ACPs have a high rate of recurrence, whereas the Caldwell-Luc procedure is often associated with injury to the maxillary and dental growth centers. Currently, functional endoscopic sinus surgery along with the use of powered instruments is used for the surgical removal of the ACPs. Incomplete excision of the ACP leads to the recurrence of the polyp. There are very smaller number of research articles describing the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentations, and current management protocol for ACPs, so this morbid clinical entity is not well known to most clinicians. This review article discusses the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and current treatment of ACPs.
Published Version
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