Abstract
Bryophytes spreading throughout the world in all geographical and climatic conditions are one of the most important parts of the ecosystem. Some species of bryophytes are used in traditional medicine thanks to their strong antimicrobial and biological effects. Bryophytes contain many phenolic compounds being natural antioxidants, in addition it has been used for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and oncological diseases. Thus the Bryophytes allow us new opportunities to discover new antimicrobial agents as well as anticarcinogenic. In this study, antimicrobial activities of three moss species [Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus (Hedw.) Warnst., Eurhynchium striatum W. P. Schimper, Pterigynandrum filiforme Hedw.] which distributes in Western Black Sea Region were investigated by using four different solvent and Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. The effects of extracts from bryophytes on strains of Escherichia coli T. Escherich ATCC-8739, Staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach ATCC-6538, Bacillus subtilis Ehrenberg ATCC-14028, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula ATCC-9027 were investigated. It is observed that the strain of Bacillus subtilis ATCC-14028 was sensitive to the extracts. However, it wasn’t detected any effect on Escherichia coli strain ATCC-8739 and it was determined that this strain was the most resistant strain against the extracts. The biggest inhibition zone was yielded with methanol in E. striatum against S. aureus. The inhibition zone of P. aeruginosa was obtained only with extracts prepared from R. triquetrus and P. filiforme
Highlights
Bryophytes, including liverworts (Marchantiophyta), hornwort (Anthocerotophyta) and mosses (Bryophyta), contain plants found in more humid or extreme habitats
The biggest inhibition zone was yielded with methanol in E. striatum against S. aureus
When considering of the results of antimicrobial activity obtained from antibiogram discs which prepared from three species, it is appeared that B. subtilis was the most sensitive bacteria to the extracts which were studied
Summary
Bryophytes, including liverworts (Marchantiophyta), hornwort (Anthocerotophyta) and mosses (Bryophyta), contain plants found in more humid or extreme habitats. Mosses are used as medicines in Indian culture thanks to their antimicrobial properties [3,4]. It is found that Bryophytes extracts were quite effective on Paenibacillus larvae which is known to cause American foulbrood in honeybees [8]. It has increased the number of studies about antimicrobial activity of mosses in last two decade. Since the rapid spreading of antibiotic resistance bacteria, it is needed that searching new antimicrobial agents. Isolation of new antibiotics from plants and usage of as alternative medicine is still continues to be important. Pterigynandrum filiforme Hedw.) using disc diffusion method in this study
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