Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of the Extracts from Leaves and Stems of Polygonum odoratum Lour.

Nittaya Chansiw,Somdet Srichairatanakool,Kamonnaree Chotinantakul

doi:10.2174/1871523017666181109144548

Nittaya Chansiw, Somdet Srichairatanakool + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.2174/1871523017666181109144548

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Abstract

Background Polygonum odoratum is an indigenous vegetable that has been used as a favoring agent and also used as a Thai traditional medicine to treat flatulence.ObjectiveTo analyze active ingredients, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities from leaf and stem extracts of P. odoratum.MethodsLeaves and stems were dried and extracted by using methanol, dichloromethane and water for obtaining Methanolic Leaf Extract (MLE), Methanolic Stem Extract (MTE), Dichloromethane Leaf Extract (DLE), Dichloromethane Stem Extract (DTE), Water Leaf Extract (WLE) and Water Stem Extract (WTE). The extracts were quantified for total phenolic and total flavonoid contents by spectrophotometry and active compounds were analyzed by using GC-MS. Antioxidant activity was determined by ABTS and DPPH radicals scavenging assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was tested by the inhibition of nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells induced by lipopolysaccharide.ResultsThe DLE exhibited the most potent anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting nitric oxide production in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 53.75+0.72 µg/mL). MLE exhibited strong antioxidant activity and contained the highest concentration of phenolic compounds (52.59+0.58 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) and flavonoid (19.97+0.11 mg quercetin equivalent/g extract). E-15-Heptadecenal and 3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol were found predominantly in the methanol extracts.ConclusionThe leaf extract of P. odoratum showed potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities, mediated by DLE and MLE, respectively.

Highlights

Inflammation is a crucial self-protective response to tissue injury or infection
Total Phenolic Contents (TPCs) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) of the Extracts was significantly higher in the leaf extract than the stem extract (Table 1)
The highest yields were obtained from Methanolic Leaf Extract (MLE) and Methanolic Stem Extract (MTE) (∼15.39%), the lowest percentage yield was found in Dichloromethane Leaf Extract (DLE) and Dichloromethane Stem Extract (DTE) (2.46% and 1.21%, respectively)

Summary

Introduction

Many immune cells are involved, including macrophages. These different cells directly trigger immunological events such as the release of cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory mediators [1]. 1875-614X/19 $58.00+.00 potent inflammatory mediator in various organ systems and is involved in vasodilation and nonspecific host defense [2]. Prolonged inflammation is associated with many chronic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and cancers [3,4,5,6]. Free radicals including Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) create a highly reactive state that can damage many biomolecules, leading to several chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, inflammation and cancers [7, 8]. Polygonum odoratum is an indigenous vegetable that has been used as a favoring agent and used as a Thai traditional medicine to treat flatulence

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