Abstract
Uterine samples were collected from Addis Ababa abattoir with the objective of isolating aerobic bacteria and determine the antibiotic sensitivity profiles of the isolates. A total of 38 uteri of cows were collected and samples were processed for bacteriology and isolates identified by morphological, staining and biochemical tests. At least one species of bacteria was isolated from each uterine sample. The highest isolate found in this study was Escherichia coli (42.1%) followed by Bacillus species (17.1%), Staphylococcus spp. (15.7%), Arcanobacterium pyogens (7.9%) and Streptococcus spp. and Proteus spp. (3.9% each). Other isolates include Corynebacterium, Rhodococcusequi, Klebsiela and Citrobacter. Among all bacteria screened, sensitivities for selected drug were: chloramphenicol (98.6%), amikacin (90.8%), nitrofurantoin (82.9%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxasole (81.5%), tetracycline (71%) and polymixin-B (67.1%). Contrary to this, penicillin-G, methicillin and erythromycin showed highest resistance to the isolates identified respectively.
Highlights
Cattle production is the main component of livestock production in most sub-Saharan Africa farming systems [1]
E. coli is the most relevant pathogenic bacteria involved in the puerperal uterine infection and persistence of uterine disease, it is resistant to many antibiotics and mostly have synergetic action with other uterine bacteria such as A. pyogenes [3]
Genital infection resulting reproductive failure in ruminants can be caused by opportunist bacteria under stressful conditions [4]
Summary
Cattle production is the main component of livestock production in most sub-Saharan Africa farming systems [1]. Tropical African countries have been reported to have 147 million heads of cattle. The current milk and meat production of these countries, including Ethiopia, is still low and relies on the import of livestock products from other sources [2]. Different part of genital organs infections in ruminant animals are often caused by opportunistic bacteria, especially E. coli species, majorly isolated from uterus of ewes, goats and cows. Fecal origin coliforms and non-specific bacteria are opportunistic invaders of the reproductive tract. Genital infection resulting reproductive failure in ruminants can be caused by opportunist bacteria under stressful conditions [4]
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