Abstract
BackgroundReproduction is a basic prerequisite to efficient livestock production. Reproductive performance depends on the normal structure and function of genital organs. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to May 2017 to identify and compare the frequency of reproductive tract pathological lesions and to isolate bacteria associated to uterine lesions in female dromedary camels and cows slaughtered at Akaki camel slaughterhouse and Addis Ababa and Adama municipal abattoirs. Purposive sampling technique was employed to include and examine the reproductive tracts of all slaughtered animals (280; 140 cows and 140 camels) during the study period.ResultThe study examined a total of 280 (140 cows and 140 camels) reproductive tracts. Various pathological lesions with different degrees of severity were observed in 48 (34.2%) and 51 (36.4%) of dromedary camels and cows, respectively. In dromedary camels, the most prevalent lesion was uterine lesions (21.4%) followed by ovarian lesions (7.14%); while in cows, ovarian lesions were the most prevalent (16.4%) followed by uterine lesions (14.2%). In general, 56 bacteria were isolated from cows’ uterine lesion, the Staphylococcus species (28.5%), Streptococci species (19.6%), Coynebacterium species (8.9%), Escherichia coli (26.78%), Salmonella species (10.7%) and Klebsiella species (5.35%) being the most representative isolates. In camels, however, 45 bacteria were isolated from uterine lesions with higher prevalence of Escherichia coli (35.5%), Staphylococcus species (26.6%), Streptococcus species (13.3%), Pseudomonas species (6.6%), Proteus species (4.4%), Salmonella species (8.8%) and Klebsiella species (4.4%). Bacteriological data showed that the major isolates were similar, although slightly more frequent in occurrence in cows. Microscopically, uterine inflammatory lesions evidenced endometrial glands degeneration, epithelium sloughing, peri-glandular cuffing, and inflammatory cells infiltration.ConclusionsIn female dromedary camels and cows, pathological lesions of the reproductive tract showed great prevalence, with similarity in bacterial isolates in both species. The role of each reproductive lesion and bacterial isolates as causal agents of reproductive failures in these livestock species, however, needs further investigation.
Highlights
Reproduction is a basic prerequisite to efficient livestock production
Of the total 280 reproductive tracts (140 for each group of cows and dromedaries), 48 (34.2%) and 51 (36.4%) diseased reproductive tracts were observed in female dromedary camels and cows, respectively
This study revealed one or more pathological abnormalities in reproductive organs of dromedary camels and cows slaughtered at Addis Ababa and Adama Municipal abattoirs and Akaki slaughterhouse
Summary
Reproductive performance depends on the normal structure and function of genital organs. Purposive sampling technique was employed to include and examine the reproductive tracts of all slaughtered animals (280; 140 cows and 140 camels) during the study period. Reproductive efficiency is an important asset for achieving maximum return from the animal [2]. Reproductive performance of a given animal depends upon the normal structure and functions of genital organs [3]. Identification of reproductive tract abnormalities is important, especially, when dealing with genetically superior animals [5]. Reproductive diseases are important contributor to the decline in fertility potential of large farm animals. In large dairy farm animals, infertility might result in decreased milk production, treatment and labor costs, and increased rate of culling [6]
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