Abstract

ABSTRACT In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the development of antibacterial coatings to prevent biofilm formation. Innovative surface modification techniques such as silica coating have been shown to effectively reduce the toxicity of nanoparticles while maintaining their antimicrobial effects. This has significant implications for the biocompatibility of antimicrobial nanoparticles in various applications, including antimicrobial surfaces and additives in food products. Traditional materials such as titanium oxide, silver and silver compounds, zinc and zinc compounds, zirconium and zirconium compounds, and gold and gold compounds with continuous advancements in antibacterial coating technologies, it is imperative to achieve long-term activity to ensure the efficacy of these coatings in clinical practice. This necessitates addressing specific material characteristics, coating architecture, and surface coverage to improve the long-term activity of antibacterial coatings.

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