Abstract
The World Health Organization points out that the opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae that causes various infections among others, urinary tract infections (UTIs), is one of the high-priority species due to a global problem of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of chosen constituents of essential oils against NDM-1-producing, uropathogenic K. pneumoniae strains. The genes encoding lipopolysaccharide (uge, wabG), adhesin gene fimH (type I fimbriae) and gene encoding carbapenemase (blaNDM-1) for all tested strains were detected by PCR amplification. The K. pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2473 reference strain was uge- and blaNDM-1-positive. The effectiveness of fifteen essential oil compounds (EOCs) (linalool, β-citronellol, linalyl acetate, menthone, (−)-menthol, (+)-menthol, geraniol, eugenol, thymol, trans-anethole, farnesol, β-caryophyllene, (R)-(+)-limonene, 1,8-cineole, and carvacrol) was assessed by determining the MIC, MBC, MBC/MIC ratio against K. pneumoniae strains by the microdilution method. Anti-biofilm properties of these compounds were also investigated. Thymol, carvacrol and geraniol exhibited the best antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities against uropathogenic NDM-1-producing K. pneumoniae isolates. Results of our investigations provide a basis for more detailed studies of these phytochemicals on their application against uropathogenic K. pneumoniae.
Highlights
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen that causes various infections, mainly respiratory, wound, bloodstream and urinary tract infections (UTIs) [1]
It is estimated that approximately 70–95% and 5–10% of UTIs are caused by Escherichia coli and K. pneumoniae, respectively [2]
Our current study showed that selected essential oil compounds (EOCs) such as thymol, carvacrol and geraniol exhibited the best antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities among all tested EOCs against uropathogenic K. pneumoniae producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1)
Summary
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen that causes various infections, mainly respiratory, wound, bloodstream and urinary tract infections (UTIs) [1]. K. pneumoniae is considered an important uropathogen in both hospital and ambulatory patients. It is estimated that approximately 70–95% and 5–10% of UTIs are caused by Escherichia coli and K. pneumoniae, respectively [2]. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) is the most recently discovered carbapenemase capable of hydrolyzing almost all β-lactams present in Gram-negative pathogens produced mainly by K. pneumoniae, and responsible for hospital and acquired infections in community. These bacteria can adhere to medical devices to form biofilm structures. This enables them to avoid immune system responses, thereby rendering antimicrobial therapy unsuccessful
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