Abstract

The application of green synthesis in nanotechnology is growing day by day. It’s a safe and eco-friendly alternative to conventional methods. The current research aimed to study raw royal jelly’s potential in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity. Royal jelly served as a reducing and oxidizing agent in the green synthesis technology of colloidal silver nanoparticles. The UV–Vis maximum absorption at ~ 430 nm and fluorescence emission peaks at ~ 487 nm confirmed the presence of Ag NPs. Morphology and structural properties of Ag NPs and the effect of ultrasound studies revealed: (i) the formation of polydispersed and spherical particles with different sizes; (ii) size reduction and homogeneity increase by ultrasound treatment. Antibacterial activity of different concentrations of green synthesized Ag NPs has been assessed on Gram-negative S. typhimurium and Gram-positive S. aureus, revealing higher sensitivity on Gram-negative bacteria.

Highlights

  • Nanoscience is a remarkable field that has the highest potential to improve human life (Ismail et al 2018; Trchounian et al 2018)

  • UV–Vis spectroscopy analysis Change in color of the royal jelly (RJ) solution mixed with ­AgNO3 solution from yellowish to brownish color visually observed, indicating Ag ions’ reduction (Fig. 2a, b)

  • The results suggest that green synthesis plays an important role in optimizing properties and biological activity as well as the inhibitory efficiency of synthesized Ag NPs, while to better understand the antibacterial activity mechanism of Green synthesis (GS) Ag NPs, further research is needed

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Summary

Introduction

Nanoscience is a remarkable field that has the highest potential to improve human life (Ismail et al 2018; Trchounian et al 2018). Nanomaterials’ widespread application in various fields of industry, technology, and medicine led to the exponential growth of their global demand (Rónavári et al 2017; Gabrielyan and Trchounian 2019). The high demand for Ag NPs is conditioned by the commercial utilization of Ag NPs in optics, electronics, catalysis, household items, and a broad range of medical applications (Ge et al 2014; Gabrielyan and Trchounian 2019). Ag NPs are known for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antiviral activities (Gabrielyan and Trchounian 2019; Gabrielyan et al 2020).

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