Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the antibacterial activity of Padikara Parpam against Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella Pneumoniae using agar well diffusion method. To identify ESBL producing bacteria by phenotypic confirmatory test using disk diffusion method.
 Study Design: Analysis of Antibacterial activity of Padikara Parpam using agar well diffusion method.
 Place and Duration of Study: Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Academy of higher Education and Research, Chennai, between June 2021 and November 2021.
 Methodology: Clinical isolates of ESBL were isolated by subculture into MacConkey agar and was identified by phenotypic confirmatory test. Padikara parpam's antibacterial activity was evaluated using the Agar well diffusion method at different concentrations of 0.5 %, 1 %, 1.5 %, and 2 % drugs. 30 µg Cefotaxime and 30 µg amoxicillin-clavulanic acid disk were used as controls to standardize the antibacterial activity test and to identify the ESBL by phenotypic confirmatory test.
 Results: In this study, Padikara parpam at various doses of 0.5 %, 1 %, 1.5 %, and 2 %, revealed significant antibacterial efficacy against ESBL producing bacteria. Padikara parpam was more active against ESBL Escherichia coli than ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae. As a result, it may be recommended as an antibacterial agent against ESBL.
 Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Siddha Herbo mineral formulations of padikara parpam hold phenomenal antimicrobial activity against ESBL producing bacteria. Based on our findings, the drug may be prescribed successfully for urinary tract infections, which is caused by ESBL producing bacteria.
Highlights
Microbiology has proven to be one of biology's most important sciences, allowing researchers to figure out how specific organisms cause diseases, find therapies for those ailments, and even exploit bacteria for industrial reasons, among other things
Our findings suggest that Siddha Herbo mineral formulations of padikara parpam hold phenomenal antimicrobial activity against Extended-Spectrum BetaLactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria
Various concentration of 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 % and 2.0 % drug were used for Agar well diffusion method to evaluate the antibacterial activity
Summary
Microbiology has proven to be one of biology's most important sciences, allowing researchers to figure out how specific organisms cause diseases, find therapies for those ailments, and even exploit bacteria for industrial reasons, among other things. Microbes that are clinically important are pathogens that cause a variety of infectious illnesses. ESBLs (extendedspectrum beta-lactamases) are enzymes or chemicals produced by bacteria and other organisms. Antibiotics have a greater difficulty treating bacterial infections because of these enzymes. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the two most common bacteria that produce ESBLs [1]
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