Abstract
The focus of this literature review is to explore the process of disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) and how the treatment using anterior repositioning splint (ARS) can positively affect patients who are diagnosed with DDWR. The use of MRI as the gold standard of TMJ study allows current researcher to re-consider the common theory whereby DDWR ultimately progresses into disc displacement without reduction or other advanced internal derange-ment process. The use of ARS can produce resolution of pain in patients who are experiencing DDWR with joint pain. However, the use of ARS is shown to be effective on short term only, and its use must be accompanied by other modalities such as physical self-regulation (PSR). The lack of gold standard for the treatment of DDWR prompts healthcare worker to provide patients with conservative treatment before offering more advanced and sur-gical procedure, both of which carries additional unwanted risk. Overall, the use of ARS is shown to be very effective and non-invasive.
Highlights
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a group of conditions that involve masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the surrounding structures
Significant in No information in joint No information on disc recapture, but joint pain clicking, but patient with correlation is made between the limited mouth opening severity of disc displacement with show sign of improvement. restriction in mouth opening
Articular disc is positioned more anterior than normal, andoften reducedtonormalpositionduring mouth opening
Summary
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a group of conditions that involve masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the surrounding structures. The term intercapsular disorders involves muscles of mastication, whilst intracapsular disorder involves temporomandibularjointcomplex.From the myriads of intracapsular disorder variations, disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) conditions comprises of 41%of the diagnoses of TMD that isoftenfounded by clinician.[1] Observation of the condition of DDWR under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) show articular disc position located more anteriorly than normal during maximum intercuspation. Articular disc will return to a normalposition,whereby the returning motion of condyle to normal position from anterior position creates the clicking sound. DDWR can be accompanied with pain or without pain. A recent publications show 31% of patients has no signs of painful condition.[2]
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