Abstract
Andreev — Saint James reflections have been observed at normal metal contacts and tunnel junctions with YBCO, LSCO, BSCCO and other High Temperature Superconductors. The characteristic feature of these reflections is an enhanced conductance at low bias. Its observation implies the existence of extended quasiparticle arcs around the nodal directions. The enhancement persists up to Tc and so far has not been observed above it. Return to the normal state conductance occurs at an energy that scales with Tc, including in the pseudogap regime. In YBCO, the detailed shape of the conductance at low bias is consistent with a pure d-wave symmetry of the order parameter in the optimally doped and underdoped regimes, and with a mixed symmetry in the overdoped one.
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