Abstract
The theory of charge imbalance in tunnel junctions is adapted to describe the low-voltage resistance R/sub j/(T) of low-resistance superconductor--insulator--normal-metal (SIN) tunnel junctions. R/sub j/ is shown to be very sensitive to the pair-breaking effect of supercurrents. Numerical calculations for hypothetical SIN junctions illustrate how one can obtain information about the magnitude and temperature dependence of electron scattering rates, coherence factors, and the density of superconducting electrons from measurements of R/sub j/ in the presence of supercurrents either applied directly with a current supply or induced with a magnetic field applied parallel to the superconducting film. Such measurements should yield information similar to that obtained from other nonequilibrium techniques like NMR and ultrasonic attenuation.
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