Anatomical, Histological and Transmission Electron Microscopic Examination of Liver in Chinese Goose (Anser cygnoides)

Abstract

Background: The liver, the main organ in the continuity of energy supply, is the largest gland in the body. The liver, which has functions such as cleansing the body from toxins, synthesizing bile, secreting the synthesized bile and regulating metabolism, acts as an endocrine and exocrine gland. The liver is a complex organ that processes the digested and absorbed substances, stores them for the benefit of other organs or transfers them to the circulatory system, thus creating a transition zone between the digestive system and the circulatory system. The aim of this study is to examine the Chinese goose (Anser cygnoides) liver Anatomically, Histologically and by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Methods: In this study Chinese geese (Anser cygnoides) were procured from a private farm in Aksaray, 6 females and 6 males, were utilized. Result: Tissue samples were examined under a light microscope with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining method. Histologically, it was observed that the liver in Chinese goose (Anser cygnoides) did not have the typical lobule structure, consisted of many lobules and the interlobular septum was thin. Hepatocytes were oval and centrally located and merged to form remark cords and these remark cords were separated by sinusoids. Kupffer cells were present. Lymph nodules were intensely observed in the examined tissues. Bile duct, arteria hepatica and vena porta forming the Kiernan’s space were found. It was determined that each unit with the vena centralis was similar to the lobule structure. Healthy mitochondrial structures and heterochromatic-appearing hepatocytes and Kupffer cells were observed electron microscopically. The nucleus of the hepatocyte was round and euchromatic, the nuclear membrane was healthy and intact and the nucleolus was centrally located. The cytoplasm contained a very small number of small vacuoles. It was observed that the cytoplasm was homogeneously distributed. Mitochondria were normal in appearance, with regular double membranes and healthy cristae. A very prominent bile duct and a healthy endoplasmic reticulum structure were observed.