Anatomic characteristics of the right internal spermatic vein based on imaging analysis: a retrospective study in southwest China.

Abstract

The specific anatomic characteristics of the right internal spermatic vein (ISV) are pivotal factors in embolism failure. However, the inherent angles and configurations of the right ISV remain incompletely explored. This study aimed to address this gap by conducting a thorough investigation into the specific anatomic characteristics of the right ISV using imaging analysis in southwest China. This retrospective study analyzed the imaging data of 1000 male patients who underwent multidetector spiral computed tomography (MCT). Anatomic characteristics of the right ISV, including position, type, distance, and angle, were also evaluated. The most common anatomic type (87.8%) of the right ISV was direct drainage into the inferior vena cava, with 90% of the angles below 25.7°. There were 22 cases (2.2%) with parallel right spermatic veins. In the axial plane, the right ISV (86.4%) was located in the third and fourth quadrants. The diameter at the entrance of the right ISV ranged from 2.7-3.8 mm. When the right ISV drained into the inferior vena cava, 83% of cases were located within 40 mm distance below the ostium of the right renal vein, while during draining into the right renal vein, the average distance from the main vein was 6.3 mm. This study concluded that MCT can be used to evaluate the anatomical characteristics of the right ISV. The optimal interventional approach was through the jugular vein route to locate the ISV opening and improve the success rate of the embolization.