ANALÝZA TRHU PRÁCE V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE S DŮRAZEM NA NEZAMĚSTNANOST VZHLEDEM K DALŠÍM ZEMÍM EVROPSKÉ UNIE

Abstract

The paper deals with the analysis of labour market in the Czech Republic with respect to unemployment considering other countries of EU and existing economic development. Evaluation has been carried out of the specific development of labour market, employment and unemployment in the Czech Republic in the period 1993–2008, incl. possible causes and trends of the development and international comparison of selected characteristics of labour market using adequate quantitative methods. Analysis of the Czech labour market during the period of its existence includes the eva­lua­tion of supply and demand in the labour market. The most important causes were monitored of changes in the supply in the labour market affected by the demographic development and social environment and substantial causes of changes in the demand in the labour market, which were affected by the performance of the given economics, by the growth of labour productivity and the number of available jobs. This is followed by assessing the development of unemployment in the Czech Republic and European Union. Substantial aspects were identified of the development of labour market and unemployment in the Czech Republic and EU as a whole and trends of the future development were indicated in the studied area. The international comparison of selected characteristics of labour market in the member countries of EU carried out by means of quantitative methods allowed to assess high differences among unemployment rates in this community and created another information source regarding the position of the Czech Republic in the European Union during the selected reference period. Significant differences in unemployment between all member countries point out to marked structural or institutional differences in labour markets in particular countries. Only a negligible percentage out of the total economically active population in the European Union migrates over the border of its member countries. This situation only augments a durable long-term unemployment growth in particular countries. Beside the insufficient labour force movement throughout Europe a next important problem in structural unemployment presents e.g., the incongruity in qualifications between supply and demand on the labour market. The current financial and economic crisis has cut at all previous positive unemployment development during a few months.