Abstract
일본의 슈퍼 사이언스 하이스쿨(SSH)은 2002년부터 실시한 ‘과학기술・이과 좋아지기 계획(科学技術・理科大好きプラン)’하에 만들어진 것으로, 지정된 학교별로 과학 중점의 독자적인 커리큘럼을 구성해 운영하고 있다. 한국에서는 우수 과학기술 인재양성을 목표로 이를 벤치마킹한 과학중점학교(SCS)가 2009년부터 현재까지 운영되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 145개 SSH 지정교의 2021년도 ‘연구개발 실시보고서’에 등장한 단어들의 언어 네트워크 분석을 통해 SSH의 특징을 확인하였다. 분석 결과, ‘외부 기관과의 협업’, ‘글로벌 활동과 발표 능력 강조’, ‘수업의 내실화’, ‘탐구 역량의 강화’ 등이 주요 성과로 나타났다. 해당 성과들은 중간평가의 평가항목으로 제시된 내용과 대부분 일치했으며, 이는 평가항목이 SSH 운영의 가이드라인으로 작용했음을 보여준다. 연구개발의 과제에 대한 언어 네트워크에서는 ‘탐구의 평가’가 강조되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었는데, 탐구 활동의 평가 방법 개선이 향후 SSH의 핵심 과제임을 보여준다. 연구를 통해 분석된 SSH의 성과와 과제는 운영 주체의 변화와 함께 새로운 출발점에 서게 된 SCS에도 시사점을 준다. ‘학교 평가 방식 개선’과 ‘탐구 활동 평가 방법 개발’은 SCS에서도 중점적으로 논의되어야 할 사항이며, 이는 SCS와 함께 발전해야 할 한국의 과학교육에도 함의를 갖는다.‘Science and Technology Improvement Plans’ in Japan have been implemented since 2002. As one of its outcomes, Super Science High Schools (SSH) were introduced to organize and operate their own science-focused curriculum. In Korea, Science Core Schools (SCS), which benchmarked SSH, have been in operation since 2009 to foster students with scientific and technological talents. In this study, the characteristics of SSH have been analyzed using Semantic Network Analysis of the words in 2021 ‘R&D Implementation Reports’ of 145 SSHs. The results of the analysis show that the major achievements of SSH were ‘cooperation with external institutions’, ‘emphasis on global activities and presentation ability’, ‘internalization of classes’ and ‘strengthening exploration capabilities’. These achievements were mostly consistent with what was presented in the evaluation criteria of the midterm evaluation. This suggests that the evaluation criteria served as the guideline to operate SSH. In the Semantic Network Analysis of ‘Tasks for R&D’, it was found that ‘evaluation of inquiry’ was emphasized. This implies that improving the evaluation methods of inquiry activity is a key task for future SSH. The achievements and challenges of SSH analyzed through this study have implications for SCS as well. ‘Improvement of school evaluation tools’ and ‘development of inquiry activity evaluation methods’ are the matters to be considered seriously in the SCS as well. As Korean science education pays attention to SCS, this study has implications for both SCS and Korean science education.
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