Analyzing biomechanical force characteristics in sports performance monitoring using biochemical sensors and internet of things devices

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This study explores the application of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and biochemical sensors in sports performance monitoring, focusing on the biomechanical force characteristics of athletes to address limitations in traditional methods, such as limited data types, poor real-time accuracy, and insufficient visualization. Emphasizing mechanobiological principles, the analysis targets key force-producing regions of the body—such as the feet, legs, and torso—to optimize energy efficiency, motion precision, and overall athletic performance. Biochemical sensors were employed to monitor real-time biomechanical and physiological data, while IoT devices ensured accurate data transmission, visualization, and feedback. Data accuracy was enhanced through methods such as zero correction, timestamp synchronization, and Kalman filtering, while data transmission efficiency was optimized using a lossless compression algorithm, hierarchical structuring, the MQTT protocol, and encryption via the AES algorithm. Data organization utilized a star-structured MySQL database with composite indexing for swift access. Analytical tools such as the Apriori algorithm for data correlation, linear discriminant analysis for feature extraction, and multi-source data fusion enabled detailed visualization of performance metrics. Experimental applications in football and sprinting demonstrated the effectiveness of IoT-based monitoring. Football experiments captured multi-dimensional data on technical characteristics, while sprint tests recorded precise performance metrics, including real-time speed profiling and timing accuracy. For instance, in a 100-meter sprint test, an IoT system measured an athlete's performance at 12.54 seconds with 100% accuracy, surpassing manual timing methods. These findings highlight the transformative potential of IoT devices and biochemical sensors in sports analytics, offering enhanced accuracy, real-time tracking, and actionable insights to refine athletic performance and decision-making.