Analysis of the Spatial Distribution of Leguminosae Species in the State of Maranhão, Brazil

Abstract

Thousands of plant species are described in the planet. However, little is known about how these organisms are distributed, which is worrying, as species distribution data provide support for the development of conservation strategies. This study aimed to analyze the pattern of distribution of collections of Leguminosae species in Maranhão, determining the priority areas for collection and conservation of species. A database of Leguminosae from Maranhão was built with geo-referencing and taxonomic corrections. Then, the distribution pattern of species, collections and areas of endemism was analyzed, pointing out the main vectors of spatial pressure on this family. The South, East and fragments of the North region of Maranhão had the higher number of collections and species. The Gurupi, North and South regions of Maranhão are suggested as priority for conservation actions because they have high rates of endemism and are subjected to anthropogenic actions, and the domain Cerrado is suggested as priority due to the accelerated advance of agribusiness. This research is relevant to the knowledge of the flora of Maranhão, as it is the first to assess the distribution of Leguminosae collections in the state and suggest key areas for conservation.