ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN MALFUNCTIONS OF GRAIN HARVESTERS AND WAYS TO INCREASE THEIR EFFICIENCY IN HARVESTING GRAIN, LEGUMINOUS AND OTHER CROPS

Abstract

The article indicates the main problems connected with the technology of harvesting grain and leguminous crops (wheat, barley, soybeans, peas) and other crops, as the machine operator often encounters a number of technological and constructive malfunctions that prevent proper threshing of those or other crops, directing the harvesting process to significant expenditure of time and labor, and at the same time to crop losses. An analysis of the main malfunctions of structures that occur during the harvesting of grain, leguminous and other crops, both of the combine itself and of the headers for them, was made. This is especially emphasized during harvesting with high humidity, which significantly worsens the conditions for harvesting crops, and thereby increases the likelihood of frequent emergency stops of grain harvesters. Constructive and technological solutions have been revealed that allow harvesting various crops with minimal possible losses. Based on the given analysis of structures, the possibility of effective use of grain harvesters during the implementation of agrotechnical evaluation indicators, i.e. productivity, throughput capacity of the thresher, grain losses, as well as the avoidance of regular stoppages related to malfunctions, which should be paid special attention, is considered. CLAAS LEXION combine harvesters designed for harvesting grain, legumes and other crops, including soybean and rapeseed, are the basis of the analysis. The analysis of the main malfunctions and ways to improve the performance of CLAAS LEXION combine harvesters shows that during their use in production conditions for harvesting grain, legumes and other crops, positive results, high quality and reliability of work will be obtained, and at the same time increasing productivity due to the avoidance of emergency stops.