Abstract
Metal powder 3D printing technology is gaining popularity due to the possibility of producing structural elements of complex geometry, which production with the methods used so far is difficult or impossible to obtain. An example of a material used in the parts production by the additive method is 316L steel, which is used in the production of bone support screws, surgical tools and needles, or in other industries for the production of exhaust manifolds, parts of furnaces or heat exchangers. The study investigated the mechanical properties, hardness and microstructure of 316L steel produced in the selective laser melting process (SLM). Based on the tests, the following mechanical properties of 316L steel were obtained: Su = 566.7MPa, Sp0.2 = 484MPa, E = 113820MPa, A = 79.5%, Z = 72.3%. The hardness test results show a significant increase in hardness as the tensile test approaches the sample fracture. The structure of 316L steel in the grip part is characterized by the formation of visible semi-elliptical zones of the material alloy, the pools with crystallized grains with a cell-column structure oriented in the direction of the thermal gradient. This type of microstructure is characteristic of technology in which, after solidification, the cooling process takes place at high speed.
Highlights
Additive technologies are used to produce objects with complex geometry that cannot be achieved with traditional machining methods
The research objects were made with the additive technology of selective laser melting selective laser melting process (SLM)
When analyzing the obtained hardness results, it can be noticed that the measurements taken along the Z axis are characterized by an increase in value with the approach to the sample fracture as a result of the static tensile test
Summary
Additive technologies are used to produce objects with complex geometry that cannot be achieved with traditional machining methods. It has been observed that the mechanical properties of the SLM parts are strongly dependent on the laser energy density that was used to manufacture the parts. To improve the mechanical properties of 316L steel, heat treatments are used to affect the microstructural, mechanical and corrosive properties of 316L stainless steel produced by SLM selective laser melting. The aim of the work is to determine the static properties of 316L steel made with the additive method, and to analyze the hardness and microstructure test results. The scope of the work covers the presentation of the mechanical properties of 316L steel (i.e. tensile strength Rm, yield strength Rp0.2, elongation A, contraction Z and Young's modulus E), analysis of the hardness distribution and microstructure of the material
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