Analysis of risk factors and the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in middle-aged patients with atherosclerosis

Abstract

Objective To understand the occurrence and risk factors of middle-aged people with atherosclerosis and explore the application effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in middle-aged patients with atherosclerosis. Methods Arteriosclerosis screening was conducted in the middle-aged population who had a health examination in the hospital in 2015 by detecting pulse wave conduction velocity (PWV). The risk factors, cognitive level of disease and compliance behavior with atherosclerosis were analyzed.A total of 580 cases of patients were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, 290 cases of each group.The control group was treated with the routine nursing, and the observation group was treated with the comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of the routine nursing. After 1 year, the changes of cognition level, medical behavior and arteriosclerosis of the two groups were analyzed. Results Among the 1 765 middle-aged patients, 580 cases of arteriosclerosis were screened out.The positive rate was 32.86%.Age, BMI, SPB, DBP, HCY and TG were associated with arteriosclerosis. The awareness rate of the two groups of patients on the causes, clinical manifestations, treatment methods, risk factors, complications, preventive measures of arteriosclerosis, as well as the following medical behaviors such as diet control, weight control, aerobic exercise, blood pressure/blood glucose monitoring and psychological adjustment was higher than that before the intervention, and the observation group was higher than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The PWV level of the two groups was lower than that of the control group and the observation group was lower than that of the control group.The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were 64 and 14 cases of arteriosclerosis improvement in the two groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The occurrence rate of arteriosclerosis in middle-aged people in this region is relatively high, with the increase of age, BMI, SPB, DBP, HCY and TG as the risk factors.Comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively improve the cognition level of atherosclerosis patients, follow medical behavior and prevent the progression of arteriosclerosis. Key words: Middle-aged people; Atherosclerosis; Risk factor; Comprehensive nursing