ANALYSIS OF NATO 2010 STRATEGIC CONCEPT

Abstract

Nato je v času svojega obstoja sprejel sedem strateških konceptov. Okoliščine, v katerih so bili sprejeti, so bile zelo različne, pri čemer si vsi delijo enak namen, to je definiranje temeljnih nalog in usmerjanje delovanja zavezništva. Nato je po hladni vojni iskal novo težišče delovanja, s čimer je začel spreminjati svoj značaj. Sprva obrambna organizacija, namenjena izvajanju kolektivne obrambe, je začela širiti obseg nalog, območje delovanja in postopoma prevzemala nove varnostne naloge. Odločitev za izdelavo novega strateškega koncepta je bila sprejeta zlasti zaradi obsežnih sprememb v mednarodnem varnostnem okolju, novih varnostnih tveganj in oblik odzivanja nanje. Koncept je bil sprejet novembra 2010 v Lizboni. Zastavljen je bil zelo ambiciozno, saj prinaša več bistvenih sprememb, med katerimi izstopata iz- enačitev pomena kriznega upravljanja in kooperativne varnosti z zagotavljanjem ko- lektivne obrambe ter širitev interpretacije 5. člena Washingtonske pogodbe. Koncept krepi pomen celostnega pristopa pri izvajanju kriznega upravljanja ter sodelovanja zavezništva z drugimi mednarodnimi organizacijami, določa razvoj novih zmoglji- vosti, širi geografsko območje svojega delovanja ter nalaga nadaljnje preoblikovanje organizacije. NATO has so far adopted seven strategic concepts. The circumstances in which they were adopted differentiated substantially, but they all share the same goal which is to define the core tasks and route the wok of the Alliance. After the Cold War, NATO sought a new focus of its activity by which it began changing its character. What was initially a defense organization, dedicated to the implementation of collecti- ve defense, began to expand the scope of its tasks, operating range and gradually assuming new security missions. The decision to create the new Strategic Concept was adopted mainly because of major changes in the international security environment, new security risks and forms of response. The new strategic concept was adopted in November 2010 in Lisbon and has been designed in a very ambitious manner. It includes several signi- ficant changes, two of the most striking ones being the equalization of importance of crisis management and cooperative security by providing collective defense, and wider interpretation of Article 5 of the Washington Treaty. The concept reinforces the importance of a comprehensive approach in the implementation of crisis ma- nagement and cooperation of the Alliance with other international organizations. It requires the development of new capabilities within NATO; expands its geographi- cal area of operations, and requires further transformation of the organization