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Abstract
The hot deformation behavior of Waspaloy alloy has been investigated by two-pass hot cogging process. The paper presents theoretical end experimental analysis of deformations and microstructural evolutions. The results of a thermo-mechanical simulation for the spatial hot cogging process on the shaped anvils with the application of the three–dimensional finite element method, are presented. The numerical calculation gave an assessment of the effective strain, mean stress and temperature distributions in the work-piece. Models for predicting the evolution of microstructure were developed for dynamic recrystallization and grain growth phenomena. The influence of shape of the anvils on the grain size after dynamic recrystallization was analyzed. The numerical analysis was performed using a commercial program "DEFORM 3D" with thermo-mechanical and microstructural evolution coupled. The results are compared with the experimental data, a good agreement between the predicted and experimental results was obtained.
Highlights
IntroductionWaspaloy is a nickel-based alloy that enables the transfer of fast-variable load cycles, allows operation at elevated temperatures while retaining high and stable mechanical properties (up to 650°C), and has high resistance to aggressive media under high stress (up to 500 MPa)
Waspaloy is a nickel-based alloy that enables the transfer of fast-variable load cycles, allows operation at elevated temperatures while retaining high and stable mechanical properties, and has high resistance to aggressive media under high stress
The numerical studies carried out enabled the assessment of the process of cogging the Waspaloy alloy to be made based on the maps of the distributions of effective strain, average stress, temperature and microstructure parameters during simulation of cogging on shaped anvils
Summary
Waspaloy is a nickel-based alloy that enables the transfer of fast-variable load cycles, allows operation at elevated temperatures while retaining high and stable mechanical properties (up to 650°C), and has high resistance to aggressive media under high stress (up to 500 MPa). Forging nickel-based alloys is largely hampered due to their low ductility and high resistance during deformation at elevated temperatures Their high flow stress and high recrystallization temperature narrow the forging temperature range to 1000-1100oC, the implementation of forging technologies for these alloys still faces a number of major technological problems [3]. The effect of tool shape and forming conditions on the metal flow kinematics, and the distribution of strain, stress and temperature has been established, and the distribution of grain size in individual forging regions has been determined. This course of action allows an improvement in the quality of cogged Waspaloy bars with a possibility of predicting the internal quality
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