Analysis of constituent factors affecting the state of dedusting of aspiration emissions

Abstract

A significant part of industry is occupied by technology that is involved in the processes of manufacturing products, for example, sanitary ware factory, foundry, chemical or sugar industry. At such enterprises a large amount of dusty air is generated, which comes from various technological processes. Dust and gas collecting devices are used to purify dusty air. Depending on the state of dust and air flow, its fraction, dust dispersion and the method of collection, different aspiration devices are used. Aspiration devices are divided by the method of dust collection into wet or dry. Each of these types of aspiration devices has its own advantages and disadvantages, which are discussed in this article, such as increased aerodynamic or hydraulic resistance, regeneration of the device, the size of the trapped fraction, the need to use flushing fluid, etc. The classification of plant types for selection to a specific process or needs depends on the most efficient method of collection, particle dispersion and energy efficiency of the dust collector. Wet dust collectors have more diverse forms, designs and applications than dry dust collectors. Wet dust collectors are divided into groups depending on the state of the liquid phase (devices in which dust deposition occurs on a film of liquid, foam devices, turbulent dust collectors or condensation devices) and on the method of dispersion of the liquid (nozzle scrubbers, devices in which crushing is carried out due to the energy of the gas-air flow or dynamic gas washers). In this article, the designs and operating features of various wet dust collectors of each of these groups are considered in accordance with their characteristics of dust collection, liquid flow rate and design shortcomings. On the basis of the works of a number of researchers, the characteristics of the fractional degree of air purification from dust are graphically presented to determine the most effective apparatus for capturing fine fractions. The conclusions are made and further tasks and plans for conducting the necessary experiments and analysis of the data of scientists' works are set.