Analysis of amblyopia in refractive error and its pathogenic factors with 5174 cases of children

Abstract

Objective To investigate the prevalence and interventions of refractive error,manifest deviation and amblyopia and its risk factors in children of 3 to 16 years old.Methods Diopter was measured by the phoropter and objective refraction,while refractive status was detected by the hirschberg test,cover-uncover test and altemate cover test for children of 3 to 16 years old from January 2006 to August 2011.Results All 5174 cases of refractive error with amblyopia or manifest devitation were found,of which 2396 cases of myopia,1360 cases of hyperopia and 1418 cases of compound refractive error were found respectively.Out of 134 cases of amblyopia (2.6％),there were 55 cases of ametropic amblyopia,46 cases of anisometropic amblyopia and 33 cases of strabismic amblyopia respectively.In the 134 cases of amblyopia,the results of statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between children of 7 to 12 years old and children of 13 to 16 years old (P ＞0.05) on refractive status,there was significant difference between children of 3 to 6 years old and children of 7 to 12 years old as well as children of 13 to 16 years old (P ＜0.05).x2 was used.Conclusions The refraction feartures of amblyopia in children and early teenagers:(1) Children of 3 to 6 years old are mainly with anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia; (2) Children of 7 to 16 years old are mainly with ametropic amblyopia; (3) The prevalence of amblyopia in children of 3 to 16 years old is 2.6％.Some interventions are needed to decrease the prevalence of myopia and amblyopia. Key words: Children and early teenagers; Refractive error; Amblyopia; Intervention