Analyseis of metabolic risk factors for urolithiasis in Uyghur children

Abstract

Objective To explore the metabolic risk factors of urolithiasis in Uyghur children. Methods From August 2014 to May 2016, the clinical data were reviewed for urolithiasis (n=174) and nonurolithiasis (n=167). Blood and urine samples were harvested in the next morning after admission. Blood biochemistry, 24-hour urinary biochemistry and stone composition were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. Stone composition and metabolic indices were compared between two groups. Results No inter-group difference in blood biochemistry existed(P>0.05). The levels of 24-hour urea calcium were (6.71±1.47) mg/kg in urolithiasis group versus (2.82±1.16) mg/kg in nonurolithiasis group. There was significant difference in the level of 24-hour urea calcium (P<0.05). The levels of 24-hour urea magnesium were (0.76±0.21) mg/kg in urolithiasis group versus (2.69±0.59) mg/kg in nonurolithiasis group. There was significant difference in the level of 24-hour urea magnesium(P<0.05). The levels of 24-hour urea citrate were (201.13±80.03) mg/kg in urolithiasis group and (521.71±179.08)mg/kg in nonurolithiasis group. There was significant difference in the level of 24-hour urea citrate(P<0.05). The results of urinalysis in urolithiasis group: hypocitraturia (n=124, 71%), hypercalciuria (n=96, 55%) and hypomagnesiuria (n=42, 24%). Stone analysis: Calcium oxalate took the highest incidence (n=134, 77%), followed by struvite (n=23, 13%) and calcium phosphate (n=14, 8%). Conclusions Hypocitraturia, hypercalciuria and hypomagnesiuria are three major metabolic risk factors for urolithiasis in Uyghur children. Key words: Urinary calculi; Hypocitraturia; Hypercalciuria; Hypomagnesiuria