Clinical analysis and significance of urine metabolism for pediatric upper urinary calculi

Abstract

Objective To explore the clinical analysis and significance of urine metabolism for pediatric upper urinary calculi. Methods The clinical data from our hospital from July 2012 to February 2014 were reviewed. A total of 169 patients had upper urinary calculi while another 163 patients were diagnosed as non-urolithiasis. Blood and urine specimens were collected the next morning after admission. Blood biochemistry, 24-hour urine biochemistry and stone composition were measured by automatic biochemistry analyzer. Results No inter-group difference existed in age or gender (P>0.05). And there were inter-group differences in the urinary levels of calcium and magnesium (P<0.05). The results of urinalysis in urolithiasis: hypercalciuria (n=98, 58%) and hypomagnesiuria (n=46, 27%). Stone analysis (n=169): calcium oxalate stone (n=125, 74%), struvite stone (n=27, 16%) and calcium phosphate stone (n=14, 8%). Conclusions Pediatric urolithiasis have close correlations with such metabolic factors as hypercalciuria and hypomagnesiuria. Calcium oxalate stone is the most frequent type. Further studies are needed for elucidating the causes and countermeasures of pediatric urolithiasis. Key words: Urinary calculi; metabolic evaluation; Urinalysis